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The Port of Jacksonville (JAXPORT) is an international trade seaport on the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida. The newest port in the United States, it carries over 21 million tons of cargo each year〔("US Port Ranking by Cargo Volume 2008" ) American Association of Port Authorities〕 and has an annual impact of over $19 billion, including 65,000 jobs.〔("Jacksonville Port Authority" ) JAXPORT website〕 It serves the Greater Jacksonville Metropolitan Area, and is the second largest handler of vehicles in the United States with 656,805 in fiscal year 2008.〔Vergun, David: ("Super Bowl Ambitions JaxPort a Major Player in the South" ) Navy League of the United States, May 2002〕〔("Jaxport sets record for vehicle import/export" Jacksonville Business Journal, October 31, 2008 )〕 Jaxport was the 36th largest port in the country and third in Florida, behind the Port of Tampa and Port Everglades in 2008.〔 ==History== English sailors traded ammunition and guns to the French from Fort Caroline for food and a boat in 1565, the first international commerce recorded in the New World. Because of this, the port uses the phrase, ''Jacksonville: America's First Port''. After Cowford was renamed Jacksonville, a petition dated June 15, 1822, was sent to Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, asking him to designate the city as a port of entry for the United States.〔("Jacksonville: America's First Port" ) Jaxport〕 Jacksonville's St. Johns River is one of the best natural seaports in the Southeast, and shipping has always been an important component of the local economy. Before Florida became a state in 1845, cotton and timber were traded and shipped at the port. The Great Fire of 1901 destroyed the port facilities as well as most of the city. Docks and wharfs were among the first items rebuilt by businesses. In 1907, the federal government helped pay for main channel in the river to be dredged to a depth of . The city of Jacksonville began to exert control over the port at Talleyrand in 1912 and a $1.5 million bond referendum passed in 1913 to pay for construction of municipal docking facilities. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers performed the harbor dredging in 1916, 1952, 1978 and 2003, when the channel was deepened to , , and , respectively. The United States Navy had no base at the Port of Jacksonville until shortly before World War II when two facilities were constructed.〔("A Rich & Vibrant History" ) City of Jacksonville, About Jacksonville〕 Today, the Naval Station Mayport, Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Blount Island Command (Marines) and nearby Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay form the third largest military presence in the United States.〔("Port of Jacksonville" ) World Port Source, Port Detail〕 Following the war, little or no money was spent on the ''public'' docks at the port, and they deteriorated until many were unusable. Because of this, Jacksonville missed out on much of the shipping boom of the Post-World War II economic expansion.〔 In addition to the military bases at the port, more than 20 maritime facilities in Jacksonville's harbor are privately owned and operated, including drydocks and petroleum terminals. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Port of Jacksonville」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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